Workplace Health and Safety Basics Course (EU) 2026

1. 第1题，共15题

   What does OSH stand for?

   • AOccupational safety and health
   • BOrganised staff health
   • COfficial safety handbook
   • DOffice safety and hygiene
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   答案: A. Occupational safety and health

   OSH means occupational safety and health: protecting people from harm caused by their work.

2. 第2题，共15题

   What is EU-OSHA?

   • AA private company that sells safety equipment
   • BThe police force that patrols workplaces in every EU country
   • CThe EU office that collects taxes from employers
   • DThe EU's information agency for safety and health at work
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   答案: D. The EU's information agency for safety and health at work

   EU-OSHA describes itself as the European Union information agency for occupational safety and health. National authorities enforce the law.

3. 第3题，共15题

   Which EU law sets the general principles for safety and health at work?

   • ADirective 92/58/EEC on safety signs
   • BDirective 90/270/EEC on display screens
   • CDirective 2003/10/EC on noise
   • DThe Framework Directive 89/391/EEC
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   答案: D. The Framework Directive 89/391/EEC

   Directive 89/391/EEC is the basic safety and health law. The other directives deal with specific topics.

4. 第4题，共15题

   When was the Framework Directive 89/391/EEC adopted?

   • A24 June 1992
   • B1 January 2010
   • C12 June 1989
   • D6 February 2003
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   答案: C. 12 June 1989

   The Framework Directive was adopted on 12 June 1989. Member States had to apply it by 31 December 1992.

5. 第5题，共15题

   Which workplaces does the Framework Directive cover?

   • AOnly factories and building sites
   • BAll sectors, public and private, with few exceptions
   • COnly government offices
   • DOnly private companies with 50 or more workers on the payroll
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   答案: B. All sectors, public and private, with few exceptions

   It covers all sectors of activity, public and private. It does not apply only where certain public service work, such as the armed forces or police, inevitably conflicts with it.

6. 第6题，共15题

   Under the Framework Directive, who counts as a "worker"?

   • AOnly people who have finished an apprenticeship
   • BOnly members of a trade union
   • CAnyone employed by an employer, including trainees
   • DOnly staff with a permanent, full-time employment contract
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   答案: C. Anyone employed by an employer, including trainees

   The directive defines a worker as any person employed by an employer, including trainees and apprentices (domestic servants are excluded).

7. 第7题，共15题

   What must an EU Member State do with a directive on safety and health at work?

   • AWait for EU-OSHA to enforce it directly
   • BTranslate it and display a copy on the wall of every workplace
   • CTranspose it into national law by a set deadline
   • DUse it only if each employer agrees
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   答案: C. Transpose it into national law by a set deadline

   A directive is binding and obliges Member States to transpose it into national law within a set deadline.

8. 第8题，共15题

   Can an EU country have stricter safety rules than an EU directive?

   • AYes, they are free to adopt stricter rules
   • BOnly for workers in the public sector
   • CNo, every country must use exactly the same rules
   • DOnly if EU-OSHA gives written permission
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   答案: A. Yes, they are free to adopt stricter rules

   EU directives set a common base. Member States may adopt stricter rules, so requirements can vary between countries.

9. 第9题，共15题

   Why might the safety rules in Spain differ from those in Sweden?

   • AEU directives apply only in the countries that voted for them in the Council
   • BEU-OSHA writes a different directive for every country
   • CEach country puts directives into its own law and may add stricter rules
   • DEU directives are only advice, not law
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   答案: C. Each country puts directives into its own law and may add stricter rules

   Directives are transposed into national law, and countries may go further. This is why you must always check national rules.

10. 第10题，共15题

    How does the Framework Directive relate to a specific directive, such as the one on noise?

    • AThey apply in different countries
    • BBoth apply; the stricter, more specific noise rules prevail
    • CThe Framework Directive always overrides the stricter noise rules
    • DThe noise directive completely replaces the Framework Directive for noise
    显示答案

    答案: B. Both apply; the stricter, more specific noise rules prevail

    The Framework Directive continues to apply to all areas covered by individual directives. Where an individual directive is more stringent or specific, its provisions prevail.

11. 第11题，共15题

    Which of these topics has its own individual EU directive on safety at work?

    • AStaff car parking
    • BOffice dress codes and uniform colours
    • CCompany social events
    • DWork with display screen equipment
    显示答案

    答案: D. Work with display screen equipment

    Directive 90/270/EEC covers display screen equipment. It is one of the individual directives based on the Framework Directive.

12. 第12题，共15题

    According to EU-OSHA, about how much of the EU's GDP is the cost to society of work-related injuries and diseases?

    • A33%
    • B0.3%
    • C13%
    • D3.3%
    显示答案

    答案: D. 3.3%

    EU-OSHA estimates that work-related injuries and diseases cost the equivalent of 3.3% of EU GDP.

13. 第13题，共15题

    Studies cited by EU-OSHA found what return for every euro invested in OSH?

    • A0.5 euros
    • B22 euros
    • C1 euro
    • D2.2 euros
    显示答案

    答案: D. 2.2 euros

    EU-OSHA reports studies showing a return of 2.2 euros for every euro invested in OSH.

14. 第14题，共15题

    In 2024, which sector had the largest share of fatal accidents at work in the EU?

    • AAgriculture, forestry and fishing
    • BConstruction
    • CManufacturing
    • DTransportation and storage
    显示答案

    答案: B. Construction

    Eurostat reports that close to a quarter (23.0%) of fatal accidents at work in the EU in 2024 were in construction.

15. 第15题，共15题

    The Framework Directive defines "prevention". What does it mean?

    • APaying compensation to workers and their families after an accident
    • BAll steps taken at all stages of work to prevent or reduce risks
    • CBuying insurance for the business
    • DGiving medical treatment after an injury
    显示答案

    答案: B. All steps taken at all stages of work to prevent or reduce risks

    Prevention means all the steps or measures taken or planned at all stages of work to prevent or reduce occupational risks.

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