Severe Weather and Natural Hazards Course 2026

1. Pergunta 1 de 25

   What does an Environment and Climate Change Canada weather WARNING mean?

   • AThe forecast is being updated
   • BConditions might become favourable for severe weather later
   • CSevere weather is happening or about to happen, so act now to protect yourself
   • DThe weather is unusual but not dangerous
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   Resposta: C. Severe weather is happening or about to happen, so act now to protect yourself

   A warning is an urgent notice that severe weather is occurring or will occur. Take action right away.

2. Pergunta 2 de 25

   What does a weather WATCH mean?

   • AConditions are favourable for severe weather to develop, so be prepared
   • BThe storm is over
   • COnly ships need to pay attention
   • DSevere weather is happening right now
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   Resposta: A. Conditions are favourable for severe weather to develop, so be prepared

   A watch means severe weather is possible. It may be upgraded to a warning.

3. Pergunta 3 de 25

   Which alert type is information only and is not colour-coded?

   • AA severe thunderstorm watch
   • BA tornado warning
   • CA special weather statement
   • DA fog advisory
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   Resposta: C. A special weather statement

   Special weather statements share information about unusual or concerning weather. They are not colour-coded alerts.

4. Pergunta 4 de 25

   Since November 26, 2025, weather alerts in Canada have a colour. What does a RED alert mean?

   • AHazardous weather with only local, short-term impacts
   • BVery dangerous, possibly life-threatening weather that will cause extreme damage and disruption
   • CMild weather with no impact
   • DA test of the alert system
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   Resposta: B. Very dangerous, possibly life-threatening weather that will cause extreme damage and disruption

   Red is rare and means extreme, widespread and long-lasting impacts. Yellow is the most common and orange is uncommon.

5. Pergunta 5 de 25

   Which colour is the most common weather alert colour in Canada?

   • AOrange
   • BPurple
   • CYellow
   • DRed
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   Resposta: C. Yellow

   Yellow means hazardous weather that may cause moderate, local or short-term impacts. It is the most common colour.

6. Pergunta 6 de 25

   How much notice might you get before a tornado, according to Environment and Climate Change Canada?

   • ALess than 30 minutes in some cases
   • BAt least one week
   • CExactly 6 hours every time
   • DAlways at least 24 hours
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   Resposta: A. Less than 30 minutes in some cases

   Most warnings come 6 to 24 hours ahead, but tornado warnings can come with less than 30 minutes' notice.

7. Pergunta 7 de 25

   Which system sends emergency alerts to TV, radio and compatible wireless devices in Canada?

   • AThe fire alarm annunciator
   • BThe Wind Chill Index
   • CAlert Ready
   • DThe Air Quality Health Index
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   Resposta: C. Alert Ready

   Alert Ready is Canada's emergency alerting system for TV, radio and compatible LTE wireless devices.

8. Pergunta 8 de 25

   You are on outdoor patrol and hear thunder. What should you do?

   • AKeep patrolling until you see lightning
   • BGo to a safe shelter right away, because you are within striking distance
   • CStand under a tall tree
   • DWait in a picnic shelter
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   Resposta: B. Go to a safe shelter right away, because you are within striking distance

   If you can hear thunder, you are close enough to be struck. Get into a safe shelter immediately.

9. Pergunta 9 de 25

   After a thunderstorm, how long should you wait after the last thunder before going back outside?

   • AAt least 30 minutes
   • B2 minutes
   • CUntil the rain stops
   • DNo wait is needed
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   Resposta: A. At least 30 minutes

   Stay sheltered for at least 30 minutes after the last thunder you hear.

10. Pergunta 10 de 25

    Which place is a safe shelter from lightning?

    • AA carport
    • BA small wooden shed
    • CA tent
    • DA fully enclosed metal car or truck with the windows closed
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    Resposta: D. A fully enclosed metal car or truck with the windows closed

    Safe shelters are enclosed buildings with wiring and plumbing, or enclosed metal vehicles. Tents, carports and small sheds are not safe.

11. Pergunta 11 de 25

    Several guards are caught in an open field during a thunderstorm with no shelter. What should they do?

    • AStand on a hilltop to watch the storm
    • BHold onto a metal fence
    • CHuddle together under the tallest tree
    • DSpread out several metres apart and avoid being the highest object
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    Resposta: D. Spread out several metres apart and avoid being the highest object

    Spreading out lowers the chance that more than one person is hurt. Stay away from tall objects, water and metal fences.

12. Pergunta 12 de 25

    Is it safe to touch a person who has just been struck by lightning?

    • AOnly with rubber gloves
    • BYes; call for help right away and start CPR if they are not breathing
    • CNo, they carry an electric charge for hours
    • DOnly after 30 minutes
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    Resposta: B. Yes; call for help right away and start CPR if they are not breathing

    People struck by lightning are safe to touch. Get help and give first aid right away.

13. Pergunta 13 de 25

    You are caught outside in a hailstorm with no building nearby. What should you do?

    • ACrouch down, face away from the wind and protect your head and neck
    • BRun toward the storm
    • CLie flat on your back facing the sky
    • DStand under a glass skylight
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    Resposta: A. Crouch down, face away from the wind and protect your head and neck

    Protect your head and neck from falling hail and get into a solid building as soon as you can.

14. Pergunta 14 de 25

    A tornado warning is issued while you are working in an office tower. Where should you take shelter?

    • AInside an elevator
    • BThe top floor, to see the tornado
    • CAn inner hallway or room on a low floor, away from windows
    • DAn outside glass lobby
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    Resposta: C. An inner hallway or room on a low floor, away from windows

    Move to an inner hallway or room, ideally in the basement or on the ground floor. Do not use the elevator and stay away from windows.

15. Pergunta 15 de 25

    Why should you avoid sheltering in a gym or auditorium during a tornado?

    • AThey are too warm
    • BLarge wide-span roofs can collapse
    • CThey are always locked
    • DThey have too many exits
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    Resposta: B. Large wide-span roofs can collapse

    Wide-span roofs are more likely to fail. Go to another building if you can, or get under something sturdy.

16. Pergunta 16 de 25

    You are on mobile patrol and a tornado is very close. You cannot reach a building. What should you do?

    • AStay in the car and try to outrun it on a busy road
    • BFollow the tornado to report its path
    • CPark under an overpass and stand on the edge
    • DGet out of the vehicle and lie down in a low area such as a ditch
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    Resposta: D. Get out of the vehicle and lie down in a low area such as a ditch

    If a tornado is close, leave the vehicle and lie low in a ditch. If it is far away, drive to the nearest solid shelter.

17. Pergunta 17 de 25

    Which type of building accounts for over half of tornado deaths, according to Get Prepared?

    • AConcrete parking garages
    • BBasements
    • CMobile homes
    • DHospitals
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    Resposta: C. Mobile homes

    Mobile homes offer little protection. Find a sturdier building, or lie in a ditch away from the home.

18. Pergunta 18 de 25

    The wind chill is -42. About how long could it take for exposed skin to freeze?

    • AIt cannot freeze at that wind chill
    • B5 to 10 minutes
    • CSeveral hours
    • DExactly one day
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    Resposta: B. 5 to 10 minutes

    At a wind chill of -40 to -47 the risk is very high and exposed skin can freeze in 5 to 10 minutes.

19. Pergunta 19 de 25

    At a wind chill of -28 to -39, what does Environment and Climate Change Canada say about exposed skin?

    • AIt takes several hours to freeze
    • BIt cannot freeze
    • CIt can freeze in 10 to 30 minutes
    • DIt freezes in under 2 minutes
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    Resposta: C. It can freeze in 10 to 30 minutes

    A wind chill of -28 to -39 is a high risk: exposed skin can freeze in 10 to 30 minutes.

20. Pergunta 20 de 25

    Which early sign of frostbite should you check for on your face and fingers during a cold patrol?

    • AItchy red bumps from heat
    • BNumbness or whiteness of the skin
    • CSweating
    • DA sunburn
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    Resposta: B. Numbness or whiteness of the skin

    Check your face and extremities often for numbness or whiteness, especially at higher risk levels.

21. Pergunta 21 de 25

    A coworker on a hot day is confused, has hot skin and then collapses. What is the most likely problem and the first action?

    • AHeat cramps; tell them to keep working
    • BHeat stroke; call 911 right away and start cooling them
    • CA mild cold; give them a hot drink
    • DDehydration only; let them sleep in the sun
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    Resposta: B. Heat stroke; call 911 right away and start cooling them

    Heat stroke is a medical emergency. Call 911, move them somewhere cooler and cool them with water and wet cloths.

22. Pergunta 22 de 25

    Which signs point to heat exhaustion rather than heat stroke?

    • AHeavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea and cool, moist skin
    • BNo sweating, seizures and unconsciousness
    • CA normal body temperature and no symptoms
    • DShivering and blue lips
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    Resposta: A. Heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea and cool, moist skin

    Heat exhaustion is serious and can lead to heat stroke if not treated. Move the person to a cool place and give water.

23. Pergunta 23 de 25

    The Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) reads 8 because of wildfire smoke. What risk level is this?

    • AHigh risk
    • BModerate risk
    • CLow risk
    • DNo risk
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    Resposta: A. High risk

    AQHI 1 to 3 is low, 4 to 6 moderate, 7 to 10 high and above 10 very high risk.

24. Pergunta 24 de 25

    You reach a flooded road on mobile patrol. What should you do?

    • ADrive through quickly to make a wave
    • BGet out and walk through it
    • CDrive through slowly if the water looks shallow
    • DDo not drive through it; find another route
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    Resposta: D. Do not drive through it; find another route

    You cannot tell the condition of the road under the water. Do not try to drive on a flooded road.

25. Pergunta 25 de 25

    An earthquake starts while you are inside a building. What should you do?

    • ARun outside right away
    • BDrop, cover and hold on, and stay inside
    • CGo to the roof
    • DStand in an elevator
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    Resposta: B. Drop, cover and hold on, and stay inside

    Drop to your hands and knees, cover your head and neck under sturdy furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops.

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