Bloodborne Pathogens and Sharps Safety Course 2026

1. Pergunta 1 de 25

   Which three bloodborne infections are the main concern after a needlestick injury?

   • ATetanus, rabies and Lyme disease
   • BHepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV
   • CStrep throat, pink eye and the common cold
   • DInfluenza, measles and chickenpox
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   Resposta: B. Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV

   CCOHS names hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV as the main bloodborne concerns from sharps injuries.

2. Pergunta 2 de 25

   For an unvaccinated person, which infection has the highest estimated risk of spread from a needlestick with infected blood?

   • AHepatitis C
   • BAll three have exactly the same risk
   • CHIV
   • DHepatitis B
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   Resposta: D. Hepatitis B

   CCOHS estimates the risk at about 6% to 30% for hepatitis B, about 1.8% for hepatitis C and about 0.3% for HIV.

3. Pergunta 3 de 25

   Which vaccine does CCOHS say eligible workers who may be exposed should get?

   • AA vaccine for HIV
   • BNo vaccine is useful
   • CHepatitis B vaccine
   • DA vaccine for hepatitis C
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   Resposta: C. Hepatitis B vaccine

   There is a vaccine for hepatitis B, and workers who may be exposed should be vaccinated if eligible.

4. Pergunta 4 de 25

   What does "routine practices" mean for handling blood and body fluids?

   • AClean up blood only once a week
   • BTreat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious
   • COnly treat blood as infectious if the person looks sick
   • DOnly wear gloves on night shifts
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   Resposta: B. Treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious

   Routine practices assume all blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin and soiled items may be infectious.

5. Pergunta 5 de 25

   What should you do before a task that might expose you to blood?

   • ANothing, just start the task
   • BWait for your shift to end
   • CDo a quick risk assessment to decide what protection you need
   • DAsk the person if they have an infection and skip gloves if they say no
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   Resposta: C. Do a quick risk assessment to decide what protection you need

   Routine practices start with assessing the risk before the task, so you choose the right protection.

6. Pergunta 6 de 25

   When is alcohol-based hand sanitizer a good choice for hand hygiene?

   • AOnly after eating
   • BWhen your hands are covered in blood
   • CWhen your hands are not visibly dirty
   • DNever, only bleach works
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   Resposta: C. When your hands are not visibly dirty

   Use sanitizer when hands are not visibly soiled. Use soap and water when they are visibly dirty.

7. Pergunta 7 de 25

   According to CCOHS, how much alcohol should hand sanitizer contain?

   • AAt least 60%
   • BExactly 20%
   • CAbout 5%
   • DAlcohol content does not matter
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   Resposta: A. At least 60%

   CCOHS says alcohol-based hand sanitizer should contain at least 60% alcohol.

8. Pergunta 8 de 25

   Do gloves replace hand washing?

   • AOnly on cold days
   • BYes, gloves mean you never need to wash
   • COnly if the gloves are new
   • DNo; clean your hands before putting gloves on and after taking them off
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   Resposta: D. No; clean your hands before putting gloves on and after taking them off

   Gloves can have tiny holes and hands get contaminated when removing them, so hand hygiene is still needed.

9. Pergunta 9 de 25

   You have used gloves to help an injured person. What should you do with them?

   • AKeep them in your pocket
   • BGive them to the next guard
   • CRinse them and use them again later
   • DThrow them away and use a new pair for the next task
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   Resposta: D. Throw them away and use a new pair for the next task

   Gloves are single-use. Change them between people and tasks.

10. Pergunta 10 de 25

    When do you need eye and face protection, as well as gloves?

    • AWhen blood or body fluids could splash or spray
    • BNever, gloves are always enough
    • COnly in sunny weather
    • DOnly when writing reports
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    Resposta: A. When blood or body fluids could splash or spray

    Protect your eyes, nose and mouth when splashes of blood or body fluids are expected.

11. Pergunta 11 de 25

    You find a used needle on the ground during patrol. What should you NOT do?

    • AUse tongs to pick it up
    • BPut it in a puncture-resistant container
    • CWear gloves
    • DRecap, bend or break the needle
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    Resposta: D. Recap, bend or break the needle

    Recapping, clipping, bending or breaking a needle increases the chance of being poked.

12. Pergunta 12 de 25

    What is the safest tool for picking up a discarded needle?

    • ATongs or tweezers
    • BYour boot
    • CA paper towel
    • DYour bare fingers
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    Resposta: A. Tongs or tweezers

    Use tongs or tweezers so your hand stays away from the needle. Gloves alone do not stop punctures.

13. Pergunta 13 de 25

    Where should the sharps container be while you pick up a needle?

    • AHeld in your other hand
    • BOn a flat surface beside the needle, not held in your hand
    • CIn your vehicle
    • DIn your back pocket
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    Resposta: B. On a flat surface beside the needle, not held in your hand

    Placing the container on a flat surface means your free hand is not near the opening when the needle goes in.

14. Pergunta 14 de 25

    Which way should the sharp end point as you put a needle into the container?

    • AUp, toward your face
    • BIt does not matter
    • CToward your other hand
    • DDown, going into the container sharp end first
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    Resposta: D. Down, going into the container sharp end first

    Hold the needle by the barrel with the sharp end pointing down and put it in sharp end first.

15. Pergunta 15 de 25

    Which container is acceptable for a discarded needle if no sharps container is available?

    • AA hard plastic container or metal can with a tight lid
    • BA plastic grocery bag
    • CA cardboard box
    • DA glass jar
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    Resposta: A. A hard plastic container or metal can with a tight lid

    Use a hard plastic or metal container with a tight lid. Glass and cardboard can break or be pierced.

16. Pergunta 16 de 25

    At what point should a full-looking sharps container be swapped for an empty one?

    • ABefore it is full, at about three-quarters full
    • BOnce a year
    • CNever; empty it into the garbage
    • DOnly when needles stick out of the top
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    Resposta: A. Before it is full, at about three-quarters full

    CCOHS says to replace sharps containers before they are full, at about three-quarters full.

17. Pergunta 17 de 25

    Which feature should a proper sharps container have?

    • AIt is made of thin paper
    • BIt is kept beside food
    • CIt is rigid, puncture-resistant and labelled with the biohazard symbol
    • DIt has a lid that comes off easily
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    Resposta: C. It is rigid, puncture-resistant and labelled with the biohazard symbol

    Sharps containers must be rigid, puncture- and leak-resistant, tamper-resistant and labelled. Keep them away from food.

18. Pergunta 18 de 25

    Where should you NOT put a loose needle?

    • AIn a sealed hard plastic container for pharmacy return
    • BIn a sharps container
    • CIn the regular garbage or recycling
    • DIn an outdoor needle disposal bin
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    Resposta: C. In the regular garbage or recycling

    Loose needles in garbage or recycling can injure cleaners and waste workers. Use a sharps container or a disposal bin.

19. Pergunta 19 de 25

    During a bag check, what is the safest habit to avoid hidden sharps?

    • APush your hand to the bottom of the bag quickly
    • BDo not reach into places you cannot see; ask the person to remove items or use a light
    • CTurn the bag over and shake it onto your lap
    • DSqueeze the outside of pockets hard
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    Resposta: B. Do not reach into places you cannot see; ask the person to remove items or use a light

    Hidden needles are a common cause of injury. Look before you touch, and let the person remove items when allowed.

20. Pergunta 20 de 25

    You are poked by a used needle. What should you do with the wound first?

    • ASqueeze it hard to force out blood
    • BLet it bleed freely without squeezing, and wash it with soap and water
    • CPour bleach on it
    • DCover it and ignore it
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    Resposta: B. Let it bleed freely without squeezing, and wash it with soap and water

    Let the wound bleed on its own and wash it with soap and water. Do not squeeze it or use bleach or alcohol.

21. Pergunta 21 de 25

    Blood splashes into your eyes. What should you do?

    • ARub them dry with a cloth
    • BWait until the end of your shift
    • CPut eye drops with alcohol in them
    • DFlush your eyes with running water
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    Resposta: D. Flush your eyes with running water

    Flush exposed eyes, nose or mouth with running water, then report the exposure.

22. Pergunta 22 de 25

    After a needlestick or blood splash at work, who should you tell right away?

    • ANobody, it is private
    • BThe person whose needle it was
    • COnly your friends
    • DYour employer or supervisor
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    Resposta: D. Your employer or supervisor

    Report every exposure to your employer immediately so it is documented and you can get follow-up care.

23. Pergunta 23 de 25

    After a needlestick from a discarded needle, where should you go?

    • AHome to rest, and see a doctor if you feel sick in a month
    • BTo the pharmacy for a bandage only
    • CBack to work as usual
    • DTo the emergency department right away for assessment
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    Resposta: D. To the emergency department right away for assessment

    Go to an emergency department promptly. Staff may offer medicine or vaccines and test for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV.

24. Pergunta 24 de 25

    HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) works best when started when?

    • AAs soon as possible, within 72 hours of the exposure
    • BAfter 2 weeks
    • COnly after a positive test
    • DAny time within a year
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    Resposta: A. As soon as possible, within 72 hours of the exposure

    PEP must be started as soon as possible within the first 72 hours, and it works better the sooner it starts.

25. Pergunta 25 de 25

    How does KFL&A Public Health describe the risk of infection from an improperly discarded community needle?

    • ACertain infection
    • BAbout 50%
    • CExtremely low, but you should still get medical follow-up
    • DThere is no reason to see anyone
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    Resposta: C. Extremely low, but you should still get medical follow-up

    The risk is extremely low, but follow-up care and testing are still recommended after any needlestick.

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