Germany Security Guard Test (§ 34a Sachkunde) 2026: Oefenexamen 4

1. Vraag 1 van 25

   Which accident prevention regulation applies specifically to guarding and security services?

   • ADGUV Vorschrift 23 'Wach- und Sicherungsdienste'
   • BDGUV Vorschrift 70 for vehicles
   • CThe Food Hygiene Ordinance
   • DThe Road Traffic Regulations (StVO)
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: A. DGUV Vorschrift 23 'Wach- und Sicherungsdienste'

   DGUV Vorschrift 23 sets accident prevention rules for guarding people and property, including patrols, events and cash transport.

2. Vraag 2 van 25

   As a rule, how old must a person be before a security company may employ them as a guard?

   • AAt least 21
   • BAt least 16
   • CAt least 18
   • DAt least 25
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: C. At least 18

   § 16 BewachV says guards must be at least 18, unless they have a qualification listed in § 8 BewachV.

3. Vraag 3 van 25

   What does DGUV Vorschrift 23 say about alcohol?

   • ANo alcohol on duty or for a suitable time before duty
   • BAlcohol is only banned for dog handlers
   • COne drink per shift is allowed
   • DAlcohol is fine on night shifts
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: A. No alcohol on duty or for a suitable time before duty

   § 5 DGUV Vorschrift 23 bans alcohol and other intoxicants during duty and for an appropriate time before it.

4. Vraag 4 van 25

   What must the employer give guards before they start a job?

   • AWritten service instructions (Dienstanweisungen)
   • BA police badge
   • CA bonus payment
   • DA list of the client's private contacts
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: A. Written service instructions (Dienstanweisungen)

   § 4 DGUV Vorschrift 23 requires written general and job-specific instructions, which guards must be able to read at any time.

5. Vraag 5 van 25

   A client tells a guard to climb an unsafe roof to check a light. This is not in the guard's instructions. What should the guard do?

   • AAsk a visitor to do it instead
   • BDo it, but without telling anyone
   • CNot follow the order, and report it
   • DDo it quickly to please the client
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: C. Not follow the order, and report it

   Under § 4 DGUV Vorschrift 23, guards must not follow client orders that go against their assignment or are clearly unsafe.

6. Vraag 6 van 25

   A guard will work night shifts at a new site. What does DGUV Vorschrift 23 recommend for getting to know the site?

   • AReading the client's annual report
   • BOnly a phone call from the manager
   • CNo briefing; learn on the first night
   • DA site briefing, including a walk-through in daylight
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: D. A site briefing, including a walk-through in daylight

   § 9 DGUV Vorschrift 23 requires a briefing on the site and its hazards. Its guidance says night staff should also see the site in daylight.

7. Vraag 7 van 25

   On patrol, a guard finds a broken railing next to a deep drop. What should the guard do?

   • ARemove the railing completely
   • BIgnore it; it is the client's problem
   • CClimb over it to check the drop
   • DReport the hazard and help secure the area until it is fixed
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: D. Report the hazard and help secure the area until it is fixed

   § 8 DGUV Vorschrift 23 requires guards to report hazards and the measures taken. Temporary protection must be provided until the hazard is removed.

8. Vraag 8 van 25

   What equipment does DGUV Vorschrift 23 require for guards working in the dark?

   • AA powerful hand lamp (torch)
   • BSunglasses
   • CA loudspeaker
   • DA camera drone
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: A. A powerful hand lamp (torch)

   § 10 DGUV Vorschrift 23 says guards in darkness must have a powerful hand lamp. Spare batteries should be within reach.

9. Vraag 9 van 25

   Which dogs may be used as guard dogs under DGUV Vorschrift 23?

   • AOnly tested dogs, together with a handler
   • BAny dog the guard owns
   • CUntrained dogs without a handler
   • DDogs that are known to be aggressive
   Toon antwoord

   Antwoord: A. Only tested dogs, together with a handler

   § 12 DGUV Vorschrift 23 allows only tested dogs as service dogs, led by a handler. Aggressive or unsuitable dogs may not be used.

10. Vraag 10 van 25

    How many people must normally carry out a cash transport on foot in public areas?

    • AAt least four
    • BAs many as the client wants, even one
    • COne
    • DAt least two
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: D. At least two

    § 25 DGUV Vorschrift 23 requires at least two people for cash couriers on foot in public, one of whom secures the transport. Limited exceptions apply.

11. Vraag 11 van 25

    A guest is shouting at the door because he was refused entry. What is the best first step?

    • AGrab his arm to show control
    • BTurn your back and ignore him
    • CStay calm, speak slowly and keep a safe distance
    • DShout louder so he listens
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C. Stay calm, speak slowly and keep a safe distance

    A calm voice and a safe distance lower tension. Raising your voice or touching the person can make the conflict worse.

12. Vraag 12 van 25

    Which body language helps calm a tense situation?

    • AStanding very close, face to face
    • BAn open posture with your hands visible
    • CCrossing your arms and rolling your eyes
    • DPointing your finger at the person
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. An open posture with your hands visible

    Visible hands and an open, side-on stance signal that you are not a threat, while keeping you ready to step back.

13. Vraag 13 van 25

    What is 'active listening'?

    • ANodding while thinking about something else
    • BLetting the person finish and repeating back what you understood
    • CListening only to the facts that help you
    • DInterrupting to correct mistakes
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. Letting the person finish and repeating back what you understood

    Active listening shows respect, helps the person feel heard and often lowers anger. It also helps you get the facts right.

14. Vraag 14 van 25

    Which sentence is an 'I-message' that helps de-escalate?

    • A"You are being ridiculous."
    • B"Do what I say or else."
    • C"You always cause trouble here."
    • D"I need you to step back so I can help you."
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: D. "I need you to step back so I can help you."

    I-messages describe your need without blaming. 'You' accusations often make people defensive and angrier.

15. Vraag 15 van 25

    Why should you give an angry person a way to back down without losing face?

    • AIt shows that you are weak
    • BIt is required by the Criminal Code
    • CIt makes it easier for them to stop the conflict
    • DIt lets you win the argument in public
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C. It makes it easier for them to stop the conflict

    People who feel cornered or humiliated are more likely to fight. Offering choices, like leaving through a side exit, can end a conflict peacefully.

16. Vraag 16 van 25

    A situation turns dangerous and you cannot control it safely. What should you do?

    • ALock the person in a room
    • BMove to a safe place and call the police
    • CWait and do nothing
    • DFight on alone until it is over
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. Move to a safe place and call the police

    Your own safety comes first. Guards have no police powers, so call the police on 110 and keep observing from a safe position.

17. Vraag 17 van 25

    What does intercultural competence mean for a guard?

    • AAvoiding contact with foreign visitors
    • BTreating people respectfully and not judging them by stereotypes
    • CGiving people from some countries stricter checks
    • DLearning every language in the world
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. Treating people respectfully and not judging them by stereotypes

    Intercultural competence is part of the subject 'dealing with people'. It means being aware of cultural differences and your own assumptions while treating everyone fairly.

18. Vraag 18 van 25

    A door supervisor refuses a guest entry to a club because of the guest's ethnic origin. Is this allowed?

    • ANo, it is unlawful discrimination under the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG)
    • BYes, but only on weekends
    • CYes, if the manager agrees
    • DYes, the house right allows any reason
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: A. No, it is unlawful discrimination under the General Equal Treatment Act (AGG)

    § 19 AGG bans discrimination because of race or ethnic origin in access to services open to the public, such as clubs and discotheques.

19. Vraag 19 van 25

    A visitor speaks very little German. How can you communicate best?

    • AUse short, simple sentences, gestures and, if possible, an interpreter or translation app
    • BUse slang and long sentences
    • CSpeak louder and faster
    • DRefuse to help them
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: A. Use short, simple sentences, gestures and, if possible, an interpreter or translation app

    Simple language and visual help make your message clear. Getting it wrong can cause misunderstandings and conflict.

20. Vraag 20 van 25

    What is the main job of an intruder alarm system (Einbruchmeldeanlage)?

    • ATo put out fires
    • BTo detect unauthorised entry and raise an alarm
    • CTo control the room temperature
    • DTo record staff working hours
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. To detect unauthorised entry and raise an alarm

    Intruder alarm systems use sensors to detect break-ins and send an alarm, often to an alarm receiving centre.

21. Vraag 21 van 25

    Which sensor detects when a door or window is opened?

    • AA water meter
    • BA magnetic contact
    • CA thermostat
    • DA smoke detector
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. A magnetic contact

    A magnetic contact has two parts, one on the frame and one on the door or window. Opening separates them and triggers a signal.

22. Vraag 22 van 25

    What does a passive infrared (PIR) motion detector react to?

    • ASmoke in the air
    • BHeat from a moving body
    • CSound from a radio
    • DChanges in air pressure from the weather
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. Heat from a moving body

    A PIR detector senses changes in infrared (heat) radiation, for example when a person moves through its field.

23. Vraag 23 van 25

    What is a manual call point on a fire alarm system used for?

    • ARaising a fire alarm by hand
    • BOpening a locked door from outside
    • CTurning off the lights
    • DCalling the lift
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: A. Raising a fire alarm by hand

    Manual call points (Druckknopfmelder) let anyone trigger the fire alarm by hand when they discover a fire.

24. Vraag 24 van 25

    Access control systems can identify people in three basic ways. Which list is correct?

    • AYour car, your phone and your home
    • BYour job, your boss and your salary
    • CSomething you have, something you know, and something you are
    • DYour age, your height and your weight
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: C. Something you have, something you know, and something you are

    Examples are an ID card (have), a PIN code (know) and a fingerprint or other biometric feature (are). Combining them increases security.

25. Vraag 25 van 25

    What is the main purpose of mechanical protection such as strong doors, locks and bars?

    • ATo record video
    • BTo resist and delay intruders
    • CTo call the police automatically
    • DTo detect smoke
    Toon antwoord

    Antwoord: B. To resist and delay intruders

    Mechanical protection makes entry harder and slower. Electronic systems then detect an attack and raise the alarm.

Toetsenbord: 1–4 om te antwoorden, Enter voor de volgende vraag.

Het echte examen: At least 50% of the points in the written part (60 of 120), then at least 50% in the oral part