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Logical Reasoning Test Practice Course: Deductive reasoning and syllogisms

Untimed topic quiz: 18 questions on Deductive reasoning and syllogisms, with an explanation after each answer. Questions and answers are shuffled every time.

  • Course
  • Canada
  • 99 questions
  • Checked October 13, 2026
  • Fact-checked October 13, 2026
Start with the lessonsLogical Reasoning Course: Lessons: about 180 minutes of reading. Every test question is covered in the lessons.

Topic quiz 3: Deductive reasoning and syllogisms

  1. Question 1 of 18

    All guards at the site have a first-aid certificate. Priya is a guard at the site. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. Priya has a first-aid certificate

    Priya belongs to the group "guards at the site", and everyone in that group has the certificate. The statements say nothing about people outside the group.

  2. Question 2 of 18

    No vehicle in the north yard is a rental. The blue van is in the north yard. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: D. The blue van is not a rental

    Nothing in the north yard is a rental, and the blue van is in the north yard, so it cannot be a rental.

  3. Question 3 of 18

    If the fire alarm sounds, everyone leaves the building. The fire alarm sounded. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. Everyone left the building

    The "if" part happened, so the "then" part must follow. This form is called modus ponens.

  4. Question 4 of 18

    All trainees attend the safety briefing. Everyone who attends the safety briefing signs the attendance sheet. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: B. All trainees sign the attendance sheet

    This is a chain: trainees are inside the briefing group, which is inside the signing group. So all trainees sign. The reverse is not stated.

  5. Question 5 of 18

    Each shipment goes either by truck or by rail, but not both. Shipment 12 did not go by rail. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: A. Shipment 12 went by truck

    There are only two choices. Rail is ruled out, so it must be truck.

  6. Question 6 of 18

    All forklift operators wear steel-toe boots. Sam wears steel-toe boots. What can you conclude about Sam?
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    Answer: D. The statements do not say whether Sam is a forklift operator

    The rule only goes one way: operators wear boots. Other people may wear boots too, so Sam may or may not be an operator.

  7. Question 7 of 18

    If a delivery arrives before noon, Lee signs for it. Lee did not sign for today's delivery. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: B. Today's delivery did not arrive before noon

    If it had arrived before noon, Lee would have signed. Lee did not sign, so it did not arrive before noon. This form is called modus tollens.

  8. Question 8 of 18

    Some cashiers are students. All students get a transit discount. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: A. Some cashiers get a transit discount

    The cashiers who are students must get the discount, because every student does. Nothing is said about the other cashiers.

  9. Question 9 of 18

    A visitor may enter the lab only if they wear safety glasses. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. A visitor who enters the lab is wearing safety glasses

    "A only if B" means "if A, then B". Wearing glasses is required to enter, but it does not guarantee entry.

  10. Question 10 of 18

    If a badge has expired, the door will not open. The door did not open for Mia. What can you conclude?
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    Answer: D. The statements do not say whether Mia's badge has expired

    The door could stay shut for other reasons. Concluding the badge expired is the mistake called affirming the consequent.

  11. Question 11 of 18

    Some of the new hires speak French. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: B. At least one new hire speaks French

    "Some" means at least one, and possibly all. It does not tell you that some new hires do not speak French.

  12. Question 12 of 18

    All night-shift staff have a parking pass. Some cleaners do not have a parking pass. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. Some cleaners are not night-shift staff

    A cleaner without a pass cannot be on the night shift, because every night-shift worker has a pass. Other cleaners might still work nights.

  13. Question 13 of 18

    No contractor has a staff badge. All the people in Room 4 are contractors. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. No one in Room 4 has a staff badge

    Everyone in Room 4 is a contractor, and no contractor has a staff badge, so no one in Room 4 has one.

  14. Question 14 of 18

    The store opens at 9 a.m. unless it is a holiday. Today the store did not open at 9 a.m. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: D. Today is a holiday

    "A unless B" means "if not B, then A". If it were not a holiday, the store would have opened at 9. It did not, so it is a holiday.

  15. Question 15 of 18

    Some drivers are mechanics. Some mechanics are supervisors. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: D. Some mechanics are drivers

    "Some drivers are mechanics" can be turned around: some mechanics are drivers. Two "some" statements tell you nothing certain about drivers and supervisors.

  16. Question 16 of 18

    Which of these arguments is valid?
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    Answer: B. If it snows, the crew salts the lot. The crew did not salt the lot. So it did not snow.

    Only the first one is valid: if snow always leads to salting, no salting means no snow. The others assume the rule works backwards.

  17. Question 17 of 18

    If a ticket is high priority, it goes to Level 2. If a ticket goes to Level 2, a manager is told. No manager was told about Ticket 88. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. Ticket 88 is not high priority

    Work backwards along the chain: no manager told means it did not go to Level 2, and that means it was not high priority.

  18. Question 18 of 18

    All inspectors are engineers. No engineer works part time. Some part-time workers are students. Which statement must be true?
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    Answer: C. No inspector works part time

    Inspectors are a group inside engineers, and no engineer works part time, so no inspector does. The student statement does not change this.

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